On Thursday, Justice Amy Coney Barrett participated in a shadow-docket decision in Trump v. Wilcox et. al.. The Court ruled that the president’s firing of the heads of executive agencies created by Congress should stand while their cases are adjudicated, even where Congress has mandated that removal is not at the president’s discretion.
The decision left the fired officials out of office during ongoing litigation. A dissent by Justice Elena Kagan criticized the majority for disregarding long-standing precedent and for not addressing the controlling 1935 decision, Humphrey’s Executor, which recognized statutory limits on presidential removal power for certain independent agencies. The dissent also highlighted an exception the majority created for the Federal Reserve Board.
The action followed Barrett’s earlier recusal the same day from a separate Supreme Court matter involving Oklahoma’s effort to use public funding to help establish a religious charter school; that recusal produced a 4–4 split, leaving a lower-court block in place.